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Astaghfirullah, Inilah 7 Kesalahan dalam Menyambut Ramadhan, Nomor 6 Paling Sering Di Lakukan

Dakwahsurga - Al-Hamdulillah, segala puji bagi Allah, Rabb semesta alam. Shalawat dan salam semoga terlimpah untuk baginda Rasulillah Shallallahu 'Alaihi Wasallam, keluarga dan para sahabatnya.

Sebentar lagi kita kedatangan tamu dari Allah yang mulia. Pastinya kita sebagai orang Islam sangat bergembira menyambutnya. Namun kita tetap harus memperhatikan ketentuan-ketentuan syariat tentangnya. Tidak boleh kita melampui batas sehingga melakukan perbuatan yang bertentangan dengan subtansi Ramadhan dan menciptakan tuntutan-tuntunan baru yang tak disyariatkan.


Berikut ini beberapa kekeliruan dan kesalahan dalam menyambut bulan Ramadhan yang banyak tersebar luas di tengah-tengah masyarakat.

1. Mengkhususkan Ziarah Kubur Menjelang Ramadhan
Tidaklah tepat keyakinan bahwa menjelang bulan Ramadhan adalah waktu utama untuk menziarahi kubur orang tua atau kerabat yang dikenal dengan “nyadran”. Kita boleh setiap saat melakukan ziarah kubur agar hati kita semakin lembut karena mengingat kematian; dan untuk mendoakan mereka sewaktu-waktu.Namun masalahnya adalah jika seseorang mengkhususkan ziarah kubur pada waktu tertentu seperti menjelang Ramadhan dan meyakini bahwa waktu tersebut adalah waktu utama untuk nyadran atau nyekar. Ini sungguh suatu kekeliruan karena tidak ada dasar dari ajaran Islam yang mengajarkan hal ini.

Syaikh Ibnu Baz rahimahullah pernah ditanya seputar masalah ini: "Apakah ziarah kubur pada hari-hari raya halal atau haram?"

Beliau menjawab: Hal itu tidak mengapa. Kapan saja boleh. Tetapi mengkhususkannya pada hari raya tidak benar. Yakni apabila mempercayai bahwa ziarah pada hari raya lebih utama atau semacamnya. Adapun apabila pengkhususan dikarenakan waktu yang luang, maka tidak mengapa karena ziarah tidak ada waktu yang khusus. Boleh berziarah di malam hari atau siangnya. Pada hari-hari raya atau selainnya. Tidak ada ketentuannya. Tidak ada waktu yang khusus, karena Rasulullah Shallallahu ’Alaihi Wasallam bersabda: "(ziarahilah kuburan, karena itu dapat mengingatkan kepada kalian akhirat)," dan beliau tidak menentukan waktunya. Maka setiap muslim dapat menziarahinya di setiap waktu. Di malam hari dan siangnya. Pada hari-hari raya dan lainnya. Namun tidak mengkhususkan hari tertentu dengan maksud bahwa hari itu lebih utama dari lainnya. Adapun jika mengkhususkannya karena tidak ada waktu selain itu maka tidak mengapa.

2. Padusan, Mandi Besar, atau Keramasan Menyambut Ramadhan
Tidaklah tepat amalan sebagian orang yang menyambut bulan Ramadhan dengan mandi besar atau keramasan terlebih dahulu. Amalan seperti ini juga tidak ada tuntunannya sama sekali dari Nabi Shallallahu 'Alaihi Wasallam. Lebih parahnya lagi mandi semacam ini (yang dikenal dengan “padusan”) ada juga yang melakukannya dengan ikhtilath campur baur laki-laki dan perempuan dalam satu tempat pemandian. Ini sungguh merupakan kesalahan yang besar karena tidak mengindahkan aturan Islam. Bagaimana mungkin Ramadhan yang penuh berkah dan rahmat disambut dengan perbuatan yang bisa mendatangkan murka Allah?!

3. Menetapkan Awal Ramadhan dengan Hisab

Nabi Shallallahu 'Alaihi Wasallam bersabda,

إِنَّا أُمَّةٌ أُمِّيَّةٌ ، لاَ نَكْتُبُ وَلاَ نَحْسِبُ ,الشَّهْرُ هَكَذَا وَهَكَذَا

“Sesungguhnya kami adalah umat yang buta huruf. Kami tidak memakai kitabah (tulis-menulis) dan tidak pula memakai hisab (dalam penetapan bulan). Bulan itu seperti ini (beliau berisyarat dengan bilangan 29) dan seperti ini (beliau berisyarat dengan bilangan 30).” (HR. Bukhari dan Muslim)
Ibnu Bazizah mengatakan,”Madzhab ini (yang menetapkan awal Ramadhan dengan hisab) adalah madzhab batil. Syari’at telah melarang mendalami ilmu nujum (hisab) karena ilmu ini hanya sekedar perkiraan (dzon) dan bukanlah ilmu yang pasti (qoth’i) atau


persangkaan kuat. Maka seandainya suatu perkara (misalnya penentuan awal Ramadhan, pen,-) hanya dikaitkan dengan ilmu hisab ini maka agama ini akan menjadi sempit karena tidak ada yang menguasai ilmu hisab ini  kecuali sedikit sekali.” (Fathul Baari, 6/156)

4. Mendahului Ramadhan dengan Berpuasa Satu atau Dua Hari Sebelumnya
Rasulullah Shallallahu 'Alaihi Wasallam bersabda,

لاَ يَتَقَدَّمَنَّ أَحَدٌ الشَّهْرَ بِيَوْمٍ وَلاَ يَوْمَيْنِ إِلاَّ أَحَدٌ كَانَ يَصُومُ صِيَامًا قَبْلَهُ فَلْيَصُمْهُ

“Janganlah kalian mendahului Ramadhan dengan berpuasa satu atau dua hari sebelumnya, kecuali bagi seseorang yang terbiasa mengerjakan puasa pada hari tersebut maka puasalah.” (HR. Tirmidzi dan dishahihkan oleh Al Albani dalam Shahih wa Dha’if Sunan Nasa’i)

Pada hari tersebut juga dilarang untuk berpuasa karena hari tersebut adalah hari yang meragukan. Dan Nabi Shallallahu 'Alaihi Wasallam bersabda,

مَنْ صَامَ الْيَوْمَ الَّذِي يُشَكُّ فِيهِ فَقَدْ عَصَى أَبَا الْقَاسِمِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ

“Barangsiapa berpuasa pada hari yang diragukan maka dia telah mendurhakai Abul Qasim (yaitu Rasulullah Shallallahu ‘Alaihi Wasallam, pen).” (HR. Abu Daud dan Tirmidzi, dikatakan shahih oleh Syaikh Al Albani dalam Shahih wa Dho’if Sunan Tirmidzi)

5. Melafazhkan Niat “Nawaitu Shouma Ghodin…”
Sebenarnya tidak ada tuntunan sama sekali untuk melafazkan niat semacam ini. Jika hal itu dilakukan secara berjamaah dengan dipimpin oleh seseorang karena tidak adanya dasar dari perintah atau perbuatan Nabi Shallallahu 'Alaihi Wasallam, begitu pula dari para sahabat. Letak niat sebenarnya adalah dalam hati dan bukan dilisan. Imam Nawawi rahimahullah –ulama besar dalam Madzhab Syafi’i- mengatakan,

لَا يَصِحُّ الصَّوْمَ إِلَّا بِالنِّيَّةِ وَمَحَلُّهَا القَلْبُ وَلَا يُشْتَرَطُ النُّطْقُ بِلاَ خِلَافٍ

“Tidaklah sah puasa seseorang kecuali dengan niat. Letak niat adalah dalam hati, tidak disyaratkan untuk diucapkan tanpa ada perselisihan di antara para ulama.” (Rauwdhatuth Thalibin, I/268, Mawqi’ul Waroq-Maktabah Syamilah)

6. Berbelanja Besar-besaran Menjelang Ramadhan
Kebiasaan ini sering dilakukan kaum ummahat (ibu-ibu). Padahal sebenarnya hal ini malah bertentangan dengan satu maksud dan tujuan puasa yaitu supaya kita prihatin dan ikut merasakan penderitaan kaum fakir miskin. Bukan justru memindahkan waktu makan atau malah menambah porsi makan kita dari di luar Ramadhan. Apalagi hal seperti dapat mengakibatkan kenaikan harga kebutuhan pokok.

Baca Juga : Masih Ingat Dengan Ponari Si Dukun Cilik? Mengejutkan!! Ini Nasibnya Sekarang

Kalau kita bercermin pada para ulama salaf, di mana untuk menyambut Ramadhan mereka lebih mempersiapkan fisik dan mental dengan melakukan pemanasan ibadah di bulan Sya’ban, barangkali untuk memaksimalkan ibadah di bulan Ramadhan.

Jika kita melihat kebiasaan Rasulullah Shallallahu ‘Alaihi Wasallam di bulan Sya’ban sebagaimana diriwayatkan oleh ‘Aisyah Radhiallahu Anha bahwa beliau banyak berpuasa dibulan tersebut.
Begitu juga para salaf dahulu sudah mulai memperbanyak bacaan Al-Qur’an sejak bulan Sya’ban.
Salamah bin Kuhail berkata: Dahulu kami menyebut bulan Sya’ban sebagai bulan para pembaca Al-Qur’an.

‘Amru bin Qois ketika masuk bulan Sya’ban beliau menutup tokonya dan menyibukkan dengan membaca Al-Qur’an.

Diriwayatkan juga dari Imam Malik bahwa beliau ketika dibulan Ramadhan mengurangi aktivitas dakwah dan memperbanyak ibadah dan khalwat dengan RaBbnya. Inilah cara para salaf dahulu menyambut bulan Ramadhan yang mulia ini.

7. Menyambut Ramadhan Membakar Petasan
Ini jelas dilarang dalam Islam. Karena itu termasuk perbuatan menghamburkan harta untuk hal yang tidak berguna. Padahal setiap rupiah yang kita belanjakan akan kita pertanggungjawabkan di hadapan Allah Ta’alaa. Selain itu, membakar dan membunyikan petasan juga dapat menganggu orang lain yang pastinya juga diharamkan apalagi saat bulan Ramadhan ketika kebanyakan manusia tengah khusyuk dalam beribadah.

Penutup
Semoga Allah menunjuki kita kepada sikap terbaik dalam menyambut bulan berkah. Lalu memberikan taufiq kepada kita untuk bisa memakmurkan Ramadhan dengan semestinya sehingga saat keluar darinya terampuni semua dosa-dosa kita. Aamiin!! (PurWD/voa-islam.com)
Disadur dan diringkas dari tulisan Ust. Abu Raidah, "Kekeliruan Dalam Menyambut Bulan Suci Ramadhan."



Sumber : Voa-Islam.com

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